Shoring is the construction of a temporary structure to support temporarily an unsafe structure. These support walls laterally. It may be used in all cases of strengthening any parts of the building and to give lateral support to the wall at risk. Shoring is normally used when;

  •  Openings are to be made in a wall or already existing openings are to be enlarged.
  •  there are cracks in a wall due to unequal settlement of the foundation that must be repaired
  •  there are bulges in the wall and when an adjacent structure must be pulled down.

Types of shoring
1. Raking shores
2. Flying shores
3. Dead shores

Raking Shore (slant or sloped shore)



This type of shoring method is used to support walls which have been threatened by excavation or walls that are generally unstable and in danger of falling over. Even though raking shores are defined as temporary support, they may remain for a while as they are used to support unstable walls of vacated buildings. Inclined members, known as rakers, are utilised to give lateral support to walls. Sole plates, needles, cleats, wall plates and bracing are the components which make up a raking shore. Raking shores are constructed in such a way that they rest on the ground and support the building or wall at an angle between 45 and 60 degrees. The angle of the raker is generally determined by site constraints, but a raker that is too steep or shallow will not be effective.

A raking shore consists of the following components:

1. Rakers or inclined member
2. Wall plate
3. Needles
4. Cleats
5. Bracing
6. Sole plate







Flying Shoring





This method uses shores that don't touch the ground, but rather span in midair the widths between the walls you're propping up. The flying shoring technique focuses on a horizontal strut or shore placed
between the walls, secured to wall plates and supported by a network of needles, or shorter beams, and steel construction cleats. Additionally, inclined struts brace into wall plates and angle

upward to the horizontal shore to provide additional strength. Inclined struts gain extra support from needles at the top and straining pieces, or straining sills, at the bottom.



All types of arrangements of supporting the unsafe structure in which the shores do not reach the ground come under this category. The flying shore consists of;
1 wall plates
2 needles
3 cleats
4 horizontal struts
5 inclined struts


Dead Shores (vertical shoring)


This method is commonly used in alterations or building repair procedures. In the dead shoring method, steel props are used to support existing walls, roofing and floors while work is carried out to remove walls at a lower level or to form openings. The number of dead shores to be used is determined by the amount of load and the location. This type of shoring used to support dead load which acts vertically downwards. Builders install dead shores by cutting holes into walls and inserting vertical beams or girders to prop up the structure above. Dead shores, which are vertical props, are braced to a sole plate on the ground, and needles are secured horizontally to the tops of the dead shores.







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